Can I contest my termination if I was fired for performance issues I believe were unfair?

Yes, you can challenge a termination if you believe it wasn't genuinely based on fair, properly conducted performance evaluation, or if your employer didn't follow their own stated performance improvement process (such as a performance improvement plan, if your company policy specifies one) before terminating you.

Whether you succeed depends heavily on the specific facts — your documented performance reviews over time, any communications about concerns raised (or not raised) with you before termination, and whether the process followed was consistent with what your contract or company policy actually requires.

Depending on your specific category of employment and the jurisdiction, remedies could include reinstatement, back wages, or compensation, pursued either through labour authorities or, in appropriate cases, civil court. Gather whatever documentation you have of your performance record and the events leading to termination, and consult a labour lawyer to assess whether the process followed genuinely fell short of what was required in your specific situation.